golang学习笔记08——如何调用阿里oss sdk实现访问对象存储？

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首先确保安装了阿里云 OSS 的 Go SDK：

go get -u github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss

以下是代码示例：

• 填入你的以下参数，可以直接使用访问：
  • BucketName：存储桶名字
  • Endpoint：访问域名，例如：https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
  • AccessKeyId：oss访问key id
  • AccessKeySecret：oss访问key secret

具体操作：在一个目录下创建两个文件：alioss_facade.go和client.go

• 1. alioss_facade.go代码如下：

package aliossimport ("context""github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss""time"
)const GTimeout = time.Hour // 全局默认过期时间 1小时var Client = new(client)func (c *client) Init() error {c.BucketName = "你的存储桶名字"c.Endpoint = "你的访问域名，例如：https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com"c.AccessKeyId = "你的oss访问key id"c.AccessKeySecret = "你的oss访问key secret"return nil
}// GenUploadUrl 获取具有文件上传权限的路径临时链接（这个链接就可以给前端访问上传文件）
func (c *client) GenUploadUrl(key string) (*OssSignature, error) {ossSignature, err := c.generateOssSignature(c.BucketName, key, GTimeout)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("GenUploadUrl generateOssSignature err: [%+v]", err)return nil, err}return ossSignature, nil
}// GetRemoteSignUrl 获取一个指定存储路径的临时访问地址
/*key: 从 bucket 名字开始的文件路径
*/
func (c *client) GetRemoteSignUrl(key string) (string, error) {if key == "" {return "", nil}bucket, err := c.newClientWithBucket(c.BucketName)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("GetRemoteSignUrl newClientWithBucket newClient err: [%+v]", err)return "", err}url, err := bucket.SignURL(key, oss.HTTPGet, int64(time.Hour*24)) // 一天有效期if err != nil {fmt.Printf("GetRemoteSignUrl SignURL err: [%+v]", err)return "", err}return url, nil
}// GetRemoteSignUrlWithNoError 不以错误的返回指定存储路径的临时访问地址（防止避免在文件不存在时前端提示错误的场景）
func (c *client) GetRemoteSignUrlWithNoError(path string) string {if path == "" {return ""}bucket, err := c.newClientWithBucket(c.BucketName)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("GetRemoteSignUrlWithNoError newClientWithBucket newClient err: [%+v]", err)return ""}url, err := bucket.SignURL(path, oss.HTTPGet, int64(time.Hour*24)) // 一天有效期if err != nil {fmt.Printf("GetRemoteSignUrlWithNoError SignURL err: [%+v]", err)return ""}return url
}

• 2. alioss_facade.go代码如下：

package aliossimport ("context""crypto/hmac""crypto/sha1""encoding/json""fmt""github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/oss""time"
)func Base64Encode(str string) string {return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(str))
}type client struct {BucketName      string // 存储桶名称Endpoint        string // oss访问域名AccessKeyId     string // oss访问key idAccessKeySecret string // oss访问key secret
}func (c *client) newClient() (*oss.Client, error) {cli, err := oss.New(c.Endpoint, c.AccessKeyId, c.AccessKeySecret)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("alioss newClient err: [%+v]", err)return nil, err}return cli, nil
}func (c *client) newClientWithBucket(bucketName string) (*oss.Bucket, error) {cli, err := oss.New(c.Endpoint, c.AccessKeyId, c.AccessKeySecret)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("alioss newClient err: [%+v]", err)return nil, err}return c.getBucket(cli, bucketName)
}type OssSignature struct {SignUrl     stringAccessKeyId string `json:"accessKeyId"`//Host           string `json:"host"`Policy    string `json:"policy"`Signature string `json:"signature"`//SecurityToken  string `json:"securityToken"`//ExpirationTime string `json:"expirationTime"`
}func generateSignature(message string, key string) string {hash := hmac.New(sha1.New, []byte(key))hash.Write([]byte(message))signature := hash.Sum(nil)return Base64Encode(string(signature))
}func (c *client) generateOssSignature(host, objectName string, expirationTime time.Duration) (*OssSignature, error) {// 生成策略//policy := fmt.Sprintf(`{"Version":"1","Statement":[{"Action":["oss:PutObject"],"Effect":"Allow","Resource":"acs:oss:%s:%s:%s"}]}`, host, c.BucketName, objectName)//policy := fmt.Sprintf(`{"Version":"1","Statement":[{"Action":["oss:PutObject"],"Effect":"Allow","Resource":"acs:oss:*:*:%s"}]}`, host)//policy := fmt.Sprintf(`{"expiration": "2034-01-01T12:00:00.000Z","conditions":[["content-length-range", 0, 1048576000]]}]}`)//policyB64 := Base64Encode(policy)// 生成签名URLpolicyText := map[string]interface{}{"expiration": getFullTimeoutZ(expirationTime),"conditions": [][]interface{}{{"content-length-range", 0, 1048576000},},}policyTextJson, _ := json.Marshal(policyText)policy := Base64Encode(string((policyTextJson)))// 生成签名signature := generateSignature(policy, c.AccessKeySecret)return &OssSignature{AccessKeyId: c.AccessKeyId,Policy:      policy,Signature:   signature,SignUrl:     fmt.Sprintf("https://%s.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com", host),	// 生成签名地址}, nil
}func (c *client) getBucket(cli *oss.Client, bucketName string) (*oss.Bucket, error) {bucket, err := cli.Bucket(bucketName)if err != nil {fmt.Printf("alioss getBucket err: [%+v]", err)return nil, err}return bucket, nil
}func getFullTimeoutZ(expirationTime time.Duration) string {return time.Now().Add(expirationTime).Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z")
}

至此，在你的main方法中，或者业务代码中，调用alioss_facade.go中的对外方法，即可访问或写入存储桶的数据。

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