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设计模式之中介者模式

news 2025/5/6 5:57:15

1.中介者模式概念

定义了一个对象来封装一系列其他对象之间的交互，从而降低这些对象间的耦合度。这种模式使得各个对象不需要显式地相互引用，而是通过一个中介者对象来进行通信。

2.中介者模式组成

1）抽象中介者(Mediator）

抽象中介者是一个接口或抽象类，定义了中介者的基本行为。如注册，接受消息,转发消息

2）具体中介者（Concrete Mediator)

具体中介者实现了抽象中介者接口中的方法，协调各个同事对象之间的交互。

3）抽象同事类(Colleague)

抽象同事类是一个接口或抽象类，定义了同事对象的基本行为。如发送消息，接受消息

4）具体同事类(ConcreteColleague)

具体同事类实现了抽象同事类中的方法，负责具体的业务逻辑。

3.举个栗子

小久和惜己在外地一起工作，正好自己的朋友惜己要回到自己家乡办事，然后拜托惜己给父母捎点这里的土特产，父母收到土特产。

如下图

父母收到小久的土特产很高兴，拜托惜己给小久带了妈妈的毛衣，惜己办完事回去，小久收到妈妈亲手制作的毛衣。

4.代码实现

1）同事抽象类

package org.xiji.mediator;/*** 同事抽象类*/
public interface Colleague {/*** 发送消息*/void send(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain);/*** 接受消息*/void receive(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain);
}

2）中介抽象类

package org.xiji.mediator;/*** 中介者接口*/
public interface Mediator {/*** 注册*/void register(User user);/*** 转发消息*/void sendMessage(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain);
}

3）接受发送容器类

package org.xiji.mediator;/*** 接受者，发送者容器*/
public class SendAndReceiveContain {/*** 接收者*/public User receiver;/**** 发送者*/public User send;public SendAndReceiveContain(User receiver, User send) {this.receiver = receiver;this.send = send;}}

4）同事抽象实现类

package org.xiji.mediator;public class User implements Colleague{String name;/*** 中介者*/Mediator mediator;public User(Mediator mediator,String name){this.mediator = mediator;this.name =name;mediator.register(this);}//注册信息/*** 发送消息*/@Overridepublic void send(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain) {System.out.println(this.name+"发送消息：" +msg+"to"+sendAndReceiveContain.receiver.name);mediator.sendMessage(msg,sendAndReceiveContain);}/*** 接受消息*/@Overridepublic void receive(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain) {System.out.println(this.name+"收到消息：" +msg+"\n发送者:"+sendAndReceiveContain.send.name);}}

5）中介抽象实现类

package org.xiji.mediator;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class MediatorImpl implements Mediator{/*** 定义集合，用于存储所有的同事对象*/List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();/***添加用户*/@Overridepublic void register(User user) {users.add(user);}/*** 转发信息*/@Overridepublic void sendMessage(String msg, SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain) {for (User user : users) {if (user.name.equals(sendAndReceiveContain.receiver.name)) {//转发信息System.out.println("惜己"+"把"+sendAndReceiveContain.send.name+msg+"带给"+sendAndReceiveContain.receiver.name);user.receive(msg,sendAndReceiveContain);}}}
}

6）测试代码实现类

package org.xiji.mediator;import java.util.Scanner;/*** 中介者模式测试类*/
public class MediatorMain {public static void main(String[] args) {//中介者Mediator 惜己 = new MediatorImpl();//容器User 小久 = new User(惜己,"小久");//小久父母User 父母 = new User(惜己,"小久父母");//小久===》父母SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain = new SendAndReceiveContain(父母, 小久);//父母===》小久SendAndReceiveContain sendAndReceiveContain1 = new SendAndReceiveContain(小久, 父母);Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("=====================================");while (true) {System.out.println("发送东西");String msg = scanner.next();小久.send(msg,sendAndReceiveContain);System.out.println("=====================================");System.out.println("父母让惜己帮自己给小久带点东西");String msg2 = scanner.next();父母.send(msg2,sendAndReceiveContain1);}}
}