iOS 通知

iOS 通知分为本地推送和远程推送两类

一. 本地推送使用流程

1. 注册通知

//请求通知权限
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];//注册通知
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];

2.推送通知

UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init]; //标题
content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];NSInteger badge = [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber + 1;
content.badge = @(badge);
content.body = message;// 本地推送一定要有内容，即body不能为空。#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 150000if (@available(iOS 15.0, *)) {content.interruptionLevel = UNNotificationInterruptionLevelTimeSensitive;//会使手机亮屏且会播放声音；可能会在免打扰模式（焦点模式）下展示// @"{"aps":{"interruption-level":"time-sensitive"}}";// @"{"aps":{"interruption-level":"active"}}";content.body = message;// 本地推送一定要有内容，即body不能为空。}
#endif// repeats,是否重复，如果重复的话时间必须大于60s，要不会报错
//UNCalendarNotificationTrigger 如果是时间触发
//UNLocationNotificationTrigger 地点触发UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:0.01  repeats:NO];/* */
//添加通知的标识符，可以用于移除，更新等搡作
NSString * identifier = [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString];
UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:trigger];
[center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError *_Nullable error) 
{if(!error){dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{});}
}];//点击本地通知回调 
/*API_DEPRECATED("Use UserNotifications Framework's -[UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate willPresentNotification:withCompletionHandler:] or -[UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate didReceiveNotificationResponse:withCompletionHandler:]"*/- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification
{//
}

二.远程推送(APNS)

1. 远程推送的五步骤

1）.应该程序注册APNS消息推送

2）.ios 从APNS Server得到devicetoken.

3）.应用程将devicetoken发送从自己的服务器。

4）.服务器将消息发送给APNS服务器。

5）.APNS发送给app

苹果官司方给机制解释图

2. 远程推送大小限制

远程通知负载的大小根据服务器使用的API不同而不同

当使用HTTP/2 provider API时，负载最大为4kB；当使用legacy binary interface时，负载最大为2kB。当负载大小超过规定的负载大小时，APNs会拒绝发送此通知 

3.推送通知实现

1）首先 设置 app 的bundle Id 支持 通知推送

2）申请推送通知证书，这个证书主要是服务器需要使用的

推送证书的申请过程和其它证书类似

3）app 注册通知 这部分和本地通知是一样的。

//请求通知权限
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];//注册通知
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];

4）收到APNS 发送的token 并发送给服务器

- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{//注册推送消息成功//收到deviceToken并发送给服务器NSLog(@"deviceToken = %@", deviceToken);
}- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error API_AVAILABLE(ios(3.0))
{//注册推送消息失败
}

服务器收到token后，需要发送消息时，就可以把token，消息内容和证书一起发送给

APNS服务器，APNS就推送给app了。

5）app收到推送通知后的处理

1> app被杀死时，用户点击通知会在didFinishLaunchingWithOptions获取通知内容

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {...// 注册通知类型
UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {if (error) { NSLog(@"request authorization error: %@", error); }
}];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];// app 被杀死时用户点击通知 获取推送内容
NSDictionary *userInfo = launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey];
if (userInfo) {//能过点击通知启动appNSLog(@"userInfo = %@", userInfo);}...}

2> app在后台，点击通知

//老版处理
/*- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{DDLogDebug(@"userInfo ----->%@",userInfo);
}*///新版处理
- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(nonnull NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler
{DDLogDebug(@"userInfo ----->%@",userInfo);
}

三.推送功能的测试

有个推送测试的工具 SmartPush

下载地址：

1、Github地址：https://github.com/shaojiankui/SmartPush

 2、release安装包：https://github.com/shaojiankui/SmartPush/releases

 

3、消息体格式： 

{"aps": {"alert": {"title": "新消息","body": "您有一条新的消息!"},"badge": 1,"sound": "default"},"customData": {"type": "message","id": "12345"}
}