【Python随笔】pyside6绘制表盘和数字时钟的方法

最近在重玩pyside/pyqt桌面开发的内容，计划做一些日常工具来自用，顺带练练手。正好刚遇到一个问题是画时钟（表盘+数字），查了很多资料都稍微调试了下才最终解决，本文即分享一下解决方法。

首先是数字时钟。由于pyside6本身有QLCDNumber控件的支持，所以绘制起来比较容易，官网也给了一个例子。笔者自己则在这个基础上做了下修改，代码如下：

import sysfrom PySide6.QtCore import QTime, QTimer, Slot
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLCDNumberclass DigitalClock(QLCDNumber):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber.Flat) # 设置显示样式，可以看哪个比较美观self.setDigitCount(8)# 定时器每秒更新self.timer = QTimer(self)self.timer.timeout.connect(self.show_time)self.timer.start(1000)self.show_time()@Slot()def show_time(self):time = QTime.currentTime()text = time.toString("hh:mm:ss") # 直接格式化显示即可# Blinking effect，视情况使用# if (time.second() % 2) == 0:#     text = text.replace(":", " ")self.display(text)if __name__ == "__main__": # 测试代码app = QApplication(sys.argv)clock = DigitalClock()clock.show()sys.exit(app.exec())

而表盘时钟则相对难一些，主要是需要拿到一个比较好的效果。经过一番寻找，在这个例子里面展示的效果比较不错。笔者也是在这个基础上做了一点调整，详细代码如下：

from PySide6 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PySide6.QtCore import QPoint, QTimer, QTime, Qt
from PySide6.QtGui import QGuiApplication, QPainter, QPalette, QPolygonclass AnalogClock(QtWidgets.QWidget):def __init__(self, parent=None):super(AnalogClock, self).__init__(parent)# 每1s更新绘图self._timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)self._timer.timeout.connect(self.update)self._timer.start(1000)# 绘制时针、分针、秒针，粗细形状可以调整QPoint参数self._hour_hand = QPolygon([QPoint(4, 14),QPoint(-4, 14),QPoint(-3, -55),QPoint(3, -55)])self._minute_hand = QPolygon([QPoint(4, 14),QPoint(-4, 14),QPoint(-3, -85),QPoint(3, -85)])self._seconds_hand = QPolygon([QPoint(1, 14),QPoint(-1, 14),QPoint(-1, -90),QPoint(1, -90)])# 调色板，调整时针、分针、秒针和背景色palette = qApp.palette()self._background_color = palette.color(QPalette.ColorRole.Base)self._hour_color = palette.color(QPalette.ColorRole.Text)self._minute_color = palette.color(QPalette.ColorRole.Text)self._seconds_color = palette.color(QPalette.ColorRole.Accent)def paintEvent(self, event):  # 重载paintEvent函数来画图width = self.width()height = self.height()side = min(width, height)with QPainter(self) as painter:  # painter有前后处理，with一下# 绘制背景painter.fillRect(0, 0, width, height, self._background_color)painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)painter.translate(width / 2, height / 2)painter.scale(side / 200.0, side / 200.0)time = QTime.currentTime()# 通过setBrush设置绘图颜色，绘制时针painter.setPen(Qt.NoPen)painter.setBrush(self._hour_color)painter.save()painter.rotate(30.0 * ((time.hour() + time.minute() / 60.0)))painter.drawConvexPolygon(self._hour_hand)painter.restore()# 绘制小时的12点for _ in range(0, 12):painter.drawRect(73, -3, 16, 6)painter.rotate(30.0)# 绘制分针painter.setBrush(self._minute_color)painter.save()painter.rotate(6.0 * time.minute())painter.drawConvexPolygon(self._minute_hand)painter.restore()# 绘制秒针，带一个针头painter.setBrush(self._seconds_color)painter.save()painter.rotate(6.0 * time.second())painter.drawConvexPolygon(self._seconds_hand)painter.drawEllipse(-3, -3, 6, 6)painter.drawEllipse(-5, -68, 10, 10)painter.restore()# 绘制分钟的60分painter.setPen(self._minute_color)for _ in range(0, 60):painter.drawLine(92, 0, 96, 0)painter.rotate(6.0)