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第十三届蓝桥杯嵌入式省赛程序设计题解析（基于HAL库）（第一场）

news 2025/5/6 17:08:13

一.题目分析

（1）.题目

（2）.题目分析

1.按键功能分析

a. 密码调整功能，按下B1，B2，B3三位密码值分别加1，按键刚上电显示界面的密码值为@

b. 密码确认功能B4，密码正确就跳转到输出状态页面，不正确就停留在输入界面，同时显示界面的三位密码值重置为@

2.脉冲输出功能分析

a.无正确密码提交时，PA1输出1KHz的方波信号

b.输入正确密码时，PA1输出2KHz 10%占空比的脉冲信号持续5秒，之后切换回密码输入界面@@@

3.串口通信功能分析

发送指定格式：当前密码-新密码，可修改密码，如果当前密码不正确就无法修改

4.LED指示功能分析

a.密码验证成功，LD1亮5秒之后熄灭

b.连续三次及以上的密码输入错误，LD2以0.1秒闪烁5秒熄灭

（3）.逻辑导图

二．CubeMX配置

由于蓝桥杯使用的板子都是STM32G431RBT6，配置都是相同的，模板已经在第六届蓝桥杯嵌入式省赛程序设计题解析（基于HAL库）-CSDN博客配置完成，大家可以前往学习

三．相关代码实现

（1）MAIN

1.全局变量声明

#include "main.h"
#include "RCC\bsp_rcc.h"
#include "KEY_LED\bsp_key_led.h"
#include "LCD\bsp_lcd.h"
#include "UART\bsp_uart.h"
#include "TIM\bsp_tim.h"//***全局变量声明区
//*减速变量
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Key_Set_Point = 0;//控制Key_Proc的执行速度
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Led_Set_Point = 0;//控制Led_Proc的执行速度
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Lcd_Set_Point = 0;//控制Lcd_Proc的执行速度
__IO uint32_t uwTick_Usart_Set_Point = 0;//控制Usart_Proc的执行速度//*按键扫描专用变量
uint8_t ucKey_Val, unKey_Down, ucKey_Up, ucKey_Old;//*LED专用变量
uint8_t ucLed;//*LCD显示专用变量
uint8_t Lcd_Disp_String[21];//最多显示20个字符//*串口专用变量
uint8_t counter = 0;
uint8_t str[40];
uint8_t rx_buffer;
uint8_t RX_Buff[7];//全局变量
unsigned char B1_value = 255;
unsigned char B2_value = 255;
unsigned char B3_value = 255;
unsigned char Screen_Disp_Flag;
unsigned char Password[3] = {1, 2, 3};
__IO uint32_t uwTick_PWM_Output = 0;//控制PWM输出为5s
unsigned char PWM_Output_Just_Do_One_Time;
unsigned char KEY_input_error = 0;
__IO uint32_t uwTick_LED_BULING = 0;//控制LED在连续三次以上出错后的闪烁
unsigned char LED_BULING_Ctrl;//***子函数声明区
void Key_Proc(void);
void Led_Proc(void);
void Lcd_Proc(void);
void Usart_Proc(void);

2.系统主函数

int main(void)
{/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/*bsp资源的初始化*/KEY_LED_Init();LCD_Init();LCD_Clear(Black);LCD_SetBackColor(Black);LCD_SetTextColor(White);	UART1_Init();MX_TIM2_Init();//*串口接收中断打开HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)(&rx_buffer), 1);HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_2);	//PA1while (1){Key_Proc();Led_Proc();Lcd_Proc();Usart_Proc();}}

3.按键扫描子函数

a. 逻辑框图

b. 程序源码

//***按键扫描子函数
void Key_Proc(void)
{if((uwTick -  uwTick_Key_Set_Point)<50)	return;//减速函数uwTick_Key_Set_Point = uwTick;ucKey_Val = Key_Scan();unKey_Down = ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val); ucKey_Up = ~ucKey_Val & (ucKey_Old ^ ucKey_Val);	ucKey_Old = ucKey_Val;if(Screen_Disp_Flag == 0){if(unKey_Down == 1){if(++B1_value == 10)B1_value = 0;}if(unKey_Down == 2){if(++B2_value == 10)B2_value = 0;}	if(unKey_Down == 3){if(++B3_value == 10)B3_value = 0;}if(unKey_Down == 4){if((B1_value == Password[0])&&(B2_value == Password[1])&&(B3_value == Password[2])){Screen_Disp_Flag = 1;__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_2,50);//输出修改__HAL_TIM_SET_AUTORELOAD(&htim2,499);	ucLed |= 0x01;		uwTick_PWM_Output = uwTick; PWM_Output_Just_Do_One_Time = 1;	KEY_input_error	= 0;			}else{B1_value = 255;B2_value = 255; B3_value = 255;KEY_input_error++;if(KEY_input_error >= 3){uwTick_LED_BULING = uwTick;LED_BULING_Ctrl = 1;}}}}if(((uwTick - uwTick_PWM_Output) >= 5000)&&(PWM_Output_Just_Do_One_Time == 1)){Screen_Disp_Flag = 0;__HAL_TIM_SET_COMPARE(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_2,500);//输出修改__HAL_TIM_SET_AUTORELOAD(&htim2,999);B1_value = 255;B2_value = 255; B3_value = 255;ucLed &= (~0x01);			PWM_Output_Just_Do_One_Time	= 0;	}
}

4.LED扫描子函数

a. 逻辑分析

根据闪烁标志位控制LD2闪烁五秒熄灭

b. 程序源码

void Led_Proc(void)
{if((uwTick -  uwTick_Led_Set_Point)<100)	return;//减速函数uwTick_Led_Set_Point = uwTick;if(((uwTick - uwTick_LED_BULING) <= 5000)&&(LED_BULING_Ctrl == 1)){ucLed ^= 0x02;	}else{LED_BULING_Ctrl = 0;	ucLed &= (~0x02);			}LED_Disp(ucLed);
}

5.LED扫描子函数

a. 逻辑导图

b. 程序源码

void Lcd_Proc(void)
{if((uwTick -  uwTick_Lcd_Set_Point)<100)	return;//减速函数uwTick_Lcd_Set_Point = uwTick;if(Screen_Disp_Flag == 0){sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "       PSD     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, Lcd_Disp_String);		sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B1:%d     ",(unsigned int)B1_value);if(B1_value == 255)sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B1:@     ");	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, Lcd_Disp_String);		sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B2:%d     ",(unsigned int)B2_value);if(B2_value == 255)sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B2:@     ");		LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, Lcd_Disp_String);	sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B3:%d     ",(unsigned int)B3_value);if(B3_value == 255)sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    B3:@     ");			LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, Lcd_Disp_String);			}else{sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "       STA     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, Lcd_Disp_String);		sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    F:2000Hz     ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3, Lcd_Disp_String);		sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "    D:10%%       ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, Lcd_Disp_String);	sprintf((char *)Lcd_Disp_String, "                   ");LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5, Lcd_Disp_String);				}
}

6.串口接收中断回调函数

a. 逻辑导图

b. 程序源码

//串口接收中断回调函数
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{RX_Buff[counter] = rx_buffer;	counter++;if(counter == 7){if(((RX_Buff[0]-'0') == Password[0])&&((RX_Buff[1]-'0') == Password[1])&&((RX_Buff[2]-'0') == Password[2])){Password[0] = (RX_Buff[4]-'0');Password[1] = (RX_Buff[5]-'0');Password[2] = (RX_Buff[6]-'0');sprintf(str, "success\r\n");}else{sprintf(str, "error\r\n");		}HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(unsigned char *)str, strlen(str), 50);	counter = 0;		}HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)(&rx_buffer), 1);
}