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Nginx文件服务器搭建

news 2025/5/20 1:06:16

1、安装依赖、关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2、创建nginx启动用户
注意：会在/home目录生成对应www的用户目录
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -f www ---建立用户组 www
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www ---添加用户 www

创建文件存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /pages

3、下载nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

4、解压并编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.14.0
[root@localhost ~]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_sub_module
[root@localhost ~]# make
[root@localhost ~]# make install

5、设置nginx软连接
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

6、配置nginx服务并设置开机自启
设置service启动的方式
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx'### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFOPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
NAME=nginx
NGINX_BIN=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
if [ -s /bin/ss ]; thenStatBin=/bin/ss
elseStatBin=/bin/netstat
ficase "$1" instart)echo -n "Starting $NAME... "if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx;thenecho "$NAME (pid `pidof $NAME`) already running."exit 1fi$NGINX_BIN -c $CONFIGFILEif [ "$?" != 0 ] ; thenecho " failed"exit 1elseecho " done"fi;;stop)echo -n "Stoping $NAME... "if ! $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; thenecho "$NAME is not running."exit 1fi$NGINX_BIN -s stopif [ "$?" != 0 ] ; thenecho " failed. Use force-quit"exit 1elseecho " done"fi;;status)if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; thenPID=`pidof nginx`echo "$NAME (pid $PID) is running..."elseecho "$NAME is stopped."exit 0fi;;force-quit|kill)echo -n "Terminating $NAME... "if ! $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; thenecho "$NAME is is stopped."exit 1fikill `pidof $NAME`if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; thenecho " failed"exit 1elseecho " done"fi;;restart)$0 stopsleep 1$0 start;;reload)echo -n "Reload service $NAME... "if $StatBin -tnpl | grep -q nginx; then$NGINX_BIN -s reloadecho " done"elseecho "$NAME is not running, can't reload."exit 1fi;;configtest)echo -n "Test $NAME configure files... "$NGINX_BIN -t;;*)echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|configtest|force-quit|kill}"exit 1;;esac

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on

7、启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx start 启动
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx start 启动
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx stop 停止
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart 重启
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx status 查看nginx状态

8、访问
访问http://IP即可看到nginx欢迎页，默认欢迎页面在/usr/local/nginx/html目录下

9、修改nginx.conf配置文件
将下面的全部复制到nginx.conf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;sendfile        on;keepalive_timeout  65;server {listen       80;server_name  localhost;charset utf-8;location / {root   html;index  index.html indexcharset utf-8;}error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}location /pages {alias /pages;autoindex on;               # 开启索引功能，以便可以看到文件列表autoindex_exact_size off;   # 显示文件大小autoindex_localtime on;     # 显示文件时间}}}

修改完配置后，保存退出，重启Nginx：service nginx restart

11、创建文件测下
[root@localhost ~]# cd /pages/
[root@localhost ~]# touch 1.txt
访问http://IP/pages