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Qt常用控件——QPushButton

news 2025/12/13 18:03:29

QPushButton介绍

QWidget中涉及到的各种属性、函数、使用方法，对于Qt的各种控件都是有效的

使用QPushButton表示一个按钮，继承自QAbstracButton，这个类是一个抽象类

抽象类：包含纯虚函数，无法实例化出对象，必须创建子类，然后重写虚函数，才能创建出子类

属性	说明
text	按钮中的文本
icon	按钮中的图标
iconSize	按钮中对应的尺寸
shortCut	按钮对应的快捷键
autoRepeat	按钮是否会重复触发（当鼠标左键按住不放时）：设置为true，持续产生鼠标点击事件；设为false，则必须释放鼠标，再次按下鼠标时才能产生点击事件。
autoRepeatDelay	重复触发的延时时间，按照按钮多久之后重复触发
autoRepeatInterval	重复触发的周期

给按钮加图标

首先准备好一张图片，然后导入qrc

在Qt Creator当中，创建好qrc文件之后，再切换到代码编辑框。如果再想切回qrc编辑框，点击左侧的qrc可能无效，此时可以点击上面的下拉菜单：

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);//创建图标对象QIcon icon(":/ikun.png");ui->pushButton->setIcon(icon);ui->pushButton->setIconSize(QSize(50, 50));}Widget::~Widget()
{delete ui;
}

添加快捷键

实现一个通过四个方向按钮，控制一个target按钮，采用快捷键的方式

创建qrc文件，导入资源
编辑ui文件

图形化界面创建的时候，右侧可以看到对象的结构，及每个对象的objectName

编写构造函数

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);//设置图标ui->pushButton_target->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/ikun.png"));ui->pushButton_target->setIconSize(QSize(68, 67));ui->pushButton_up->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/up.png"));ui->pushButton_up->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_down->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/down.png"));ui->pushButton_down->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_left->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/left.png"));ui->pushButton_left->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_right->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/right.png"));ui->pushButton_right->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));}

生成槽函数

void Widget::on_pushButton_up_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x(), rect.y()-5, rect.width(), rect.height());
}void Widget::on_pushButton_down_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x(), rect.y()+5, rect.width(), rect.height());
}
void Widget::on_pushButton_left_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x()-5, rect.y(), rect.width(), rect.height());
}
void Widget::on_pushButton_right_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x()+5, rect.y(), rect.width(), rect.height());
}

设置快捷键
这个也是需要在构造函数当中完成的，确保程序一启动就有效

void setShortcut(const QKeySequence &key);

设置快捷键的参数是QKeySequence，表示一个按键序列表，按下的快捷键，不一定是单个按键，可能是组合键

//    ui->pushButton_up->setShortcut(QKeySequence("w"));
//    ui->pushButton_down->setShortcut(QKeySequence("s"));
//    ui->pushButton_left->setShortcut(QKeySequence("a"));
//    ui->pushButton_right->setShortcut(QKeySequence("d"));//建议采用这种方式ui->pushButton_up->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_W));ui->pushButton_down->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_S));ui->pushButton_left->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_A));ui->pushButton_right->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_D));

Qt定义的宏：

快捷键默认能够连发，鼠标点击按钮不行，如果要支持连发功能，可以采用setAutoRepeat()
ui->pushButton_up->setAutoRepeat(true);
ui->pushButton_down->setAutoRepeat(true);
ui->pushButton_left->setAutoRepeat(true);
ui->pushButton_right->setAutoRepeat(true);

完整代码：

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QResizeEvent>
#include<QDebug>
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);//设置图标ui->pushButton_target->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/ikun.png"));ui->pushButton_target->setIconSize(QSize(68, 67));ui->pushButton_up->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/up.png"));ui->pushButton_up->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_down->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/down.png"));ui->pushButton_down->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_left->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/left.png"));ui->pushButton_left->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));ui->pushButton_right->setIcon(QIcon(":/image/right.png"));ui->pushButton_right->setIconSize(QSize(91, 81));//    ui->pushButton_up->setShortcut(QKeySequence("w"));
//    ui->pushButton_down->setShortcut(QKeySequence("s"));
//    ui->pushButton_left->setShortcut(QKeySequence("a"));
//    ui->pushButton_right->setShortcut(QKeySequence("d"));ui->pushButton_up->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_W));ui->pushButton_down->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_S));ui->pushButton_left->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_A));ui->pushButton_right->setShortcut(QKeySequence(Qt::Key_D));ui->pushButton_up->setAutoRepeat(true);ui->pushButton_down->setAutoRepeat(true);ui->pushButton_left->setAutoRepeat(true);ui->pushButton_right->setAutoRepeat(true);qDebug() << this->rect().height() << "," << this->rect().width();
}Widget::~Widget()
{delete ui;
}void Widget::on_pushButton_up_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();if(rect.y()-5 < 0){return;}//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x(), rect.y()-5, rect.width(), rect.height());
}void Widget::on_pushButton_down_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();QRect widgetRect = this->rect();int targetBottom = rect.y() + 5 + rect.height();if(targetBottom > this->rect().height())return;//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x(), rect.y()+5, rect.width(), rect.height());
}
void Widget::on_pushButton_left_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();if(rect.x()-5 < 0){qDebug() << "(" << rect.x()<< "," << rect.y() << ")";return;}//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x()-5, rect.y(), rect.width(), rect.height());
}
void Widget::on_pushButton_right_clicked()
{//获取target位置QRect rect = ui->pushButton_target->geometry();int targetRight = rect.x()+ 5 + rect.width();if(targetRight > this->rect().width()){qDebug() << "(" << rect.x()<< "," << rect.y() << ")";return;}//基于上次的位置， 设置新位置ui->pushButton_target->setGeometry(rect.x()+5, rect.y(), rect.width(), rect.height());
}