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java 使用 jakarta.mail 发送邮件

news 2025/8/7 11:04:23

前言

之前写过一个邮件发送的文章 java发送邮件
不过因为它的实现功能比较简单，不支持附件和抄送，所以本文使用 jakarta.mail 来实现邮件发送功能并支持附件和抄送。

一、maven依赖

        <dependency><groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId><artifactId>jakarta.mail</artifactId><version>2.0.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.microsoft.ews-java-api</groupId><artifactId>ews-java-api</artifactId><version>2.0</version></dependency>

二、工具类

1.EmailConfig类

package com.hai.tang.model;public class EmailConfig {//邮箱的类型：0-SMTP 1-IMAP 2-Exchangeprivate Integer mailPro;//是否开启身份验证private Integer auth;//TLS加密传输private Integer tls;//SSL加密传输private Integer ssl;//发信名称private String alias;//发件人邮箱private String servicedMailAddress;//发件人密码private String password;//发件服务器地址private String sendMailHost;//发件服务器端口private String sendMailPort;public Integer getMailPro() {return mailPro;}public void setMailPro(Integer mailPro) {this.mailPro = mailPro;}public Integer getAuth() {return auth;}public void setAuth(Integer auth) {this.auth = auth;}public Integer getTls() {return tls;}public void setTls(Integer tls) {this.tls = tls;}public Integer getSsl() {return ssl;}public void setSsl(Integer ssl) {this.ssl = ssl;}public String getAlias() {return alias;}public void setAlias(String alias) {this.alias = alias;}public String getServicedMailAddress() {return servicedMailAddress;}public void setServicedMailAddress(String servicedMailAddress) {this.servicedMailAddress = servicedMailAddress;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getSendMailHost() {return sendMailHost;}public void setSendMailHost(String sendMailHost) {this.sendMailHost = sendMailHost;}public String getSendMailPort() {return sendMailPort;}public void setSendMailPort(String sendMailPort) {this.sendMailPort = sendMailPort;}
}

2.ExchangeClient类

package com.hai.tang.util;import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.ExchangeService;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.enumeration.misc.ExchangeVersion;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.exception.service.local.ServiceLocalException;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.service.item.EmailMessage;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.credential.ExchangeCredentials;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.credential.WebCredentials;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.property.complex.MessageBody;import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;public class ExchangeClient {private final String hostname;private final ExchangeVersion exchangeVersion;private final String domain;private final String username;private final String password;private final String subject;private final String recipientTo;private final List<String> recipientTos;private final List<String> recipientCc;private final List<String> recipientBcc;private final List<String> attachments;private final String message;private ExchangeClient(ExchangeClientBuilder builder) {this.hostname = builder.hostname;this.exchangeVersion = builder.exchangeVersion;this.domain = builder.domain;this.username = builder.username;this.password = builder.password;this.subject = builder.subject;this.recipientTo = builder.recipientTo;this.recipientTos = builder.recipientTos;this.recipientCc = builder.recipientCc;this.recipientBcc = builder.recipientBcc;this.attachments = builder.attachments;this.message = builder.message;}public static class ExchangeClientBuilder {private String hostname;private ExchangeVersion exchangeVersion;private String domain;private String username;private String password;private String subject;private String recipientTo;private List<String> recipientTos;private List<String> recipientCc;private List<String> recipientBcc;private List<String> attachments;private String message;public ExchangeClientBuilder() {this.exchangeVersion = ExchangeVersion.Exchange2010_SP1;this.hostname = "";this.username = "";this.password = "";this.subject = "";this.recipientTo = "";this.recipientTos = new ArrayList<>(0);this.recipientCc = new ArrayList<>(0);this.recipientBcc = new ArrayList<>(0);this.attachments = new ArrayList<>(0);this.message = "";}/*** The hostname of the Exchange Web Service. It will be used for* connecting with URI https://hostname/ews/exchange.asmx** @param hostname the hostname of the MS Exchange Smtp Server.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder hostname(String hostname) {this.hostname = hostname;return this;}/*** The Exchange Web Server version.** @param exchangeVersion the Exchange Web Server version.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder exchangeVersion(ExchangeVersion exchangeVersion) {this.exchangeVersion = exchangeVersion;return this;}/*** The domain of the MS Exchange Smtp Server.** @param domain the domain of the Active Directory. The first part of* the username. For example: MYDOMAIN\\username, set the MYDOMAIN.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder domain(String domain) {this.domain = domain;return this;}/*** The username of the MS Exchange Smtp Server. The second part of the* username. For example: MYDOMAIN\\username, set the username.** @param username the username of the MS Exchange Smtp Server.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder username(String username) {this.username = username;return this;}/*** The password of the MS Exchange Smtp Server.** @param password the password of the MS Exchange Smtp Server.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder password(String password) {this.password = password;return this;}/*** The subject for this send.** @param subject the subject for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder subject(String subject) {this.subject = subject;return this;}/*** The recipient for this send.** @param recipientTo the recipient for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientTo(String recipientTo) {this.recipientTo = recipientTo;return this;}/*** The recipients for this send.** @param recipientTos the recipients for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientTos(List<String> recipientTos) {this.recipientTos = recipientTos;return this;}/*** You can specify one or more email address that will be used as cc* recipients.** @param recipientCc the first cc email address.* @param recipientsCc the other cc email address for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientCc(String recipientCc, String... recipientsCc) {// Prepare the list.List<String> recipients = new ArrayList<>(1 + recipientsCc.length);recipients.add(recipientCc);recipients.addAll(Arrays.asList(recipientsCc));// Set the list.this.recipientCc = recipients;return this;}/*** You can specify a list with email addresses that will be used as cc* for this email send.** @param recipientCc the list with email addresses that will be used as* cc for this email send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientCc(List<String> recipientCc) {this.recipientCc = recipientCc;return this;}/*** You can specify one or more email address that will be used as bcc* recipients.** @param recipientBcc the first bcc email address.* @param recipientsBcc the other bcc email address for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientBcc(String recipientBcc, String... recipientsBcc) {// Prepare the list.List<String> recipients = new ArrayList<>(1 + recipientsBcc.length);recipients.add(recipientBcc);recipients.addAll(Arrays.asList(recipientsBcc));// Set the list.this.recipientBcc = recipients;return this;}/*** You can specify a list with email addresses that will be used as bcc* for this email send.** @param recipientBcc the list with email addresses that will be used* as bcc for this email send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder recipientBcc(List<String> recipientBcc) {this.recipientBcc = recipientBcc;return this;}/*** You can specify one or more email address that will be used as cc* recipients.** @param attachment the first attachment.* @param attachments the other attachments for this send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder attachments(String attachment, String... attachments) {// Prepare the list.List<String> attachmentsToUse = new ArrayList<>(1 + attachments.length);attachmentsToUse.add(attachment);attachmentsToUse.addAll(Arrays.asList(attachments));// Set the list.this.attachments = attachmentsToUse;return this;}/*** You can specify a list with email attachments that will be used for* this email send.** @param attachments the list with email attachments that will be used* for this email send.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder attachments(List<String> attachments) {this.attachments = attachments;return this;}/*** The body of the email message.** @param message the body of the email message.* @return the builder for chain usage.*/public ExchangeClientBuilder message(String message) {this.message = message;return this;}/*** Build a mail.** @return an EmailApacheUtils object.*/public ExchangeClient build() {return new ExchangeClient(this);}}public void sendExchange(ExchangeService exchangeService) throws Exception{// The Exchange Server Version.
//        ExchangeService exchangeService = new ExchangeService(exchangeVersion);// Credentials to sign in the MS Exchange Server.ExchangeCredentials exchangeCredentials = new WebCredentials(username, password, domain);exchangeService.setCredentials(exchangeCredentials);// URL of exchange web service for the mailbox.try {exchangeService.setUrl(new URI("https://" + hostname + "/ews/Exchange.asmx"));} catch (URISyntaxException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while creating the uri for exchange service."+ex);throw ex;}// The email.EmailMessage emailMessage;try {emailMessage = new EmailMessage(exchangeService);emailMessage.setSubject(subject);emailMessage.setBody(MessageBody.getMessageBodyFromText(message));} catch (Exception ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while setting the email message."+ex);throw ex;}// TO recipienttry {if(null!=recipientTo&& recipientTo.trim().length()>0){emailMessage.getToRecipients().add(recipientTo);}} catch (ServiceLocalException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while sstting the TO recipient(" + recipientTo + ")."+ex);throw ex;}// TO recipientstry {if(!recipientTos.isEmpty()){Iterator<String> iterator = recipientTos.iterator();emailMessage.getToRecipients().addSmtpAddressRange(iterator);}} catch (ServiceLocalException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while sstting the TO recipients(" + recipientTos + ")."+ex);throw ex;}// CC recipient.for (String recipient : recipientCc) {try {emailMessage.getCcRecipients().add(recipient);} catch (ServiceLocalException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while sstting the CC recipient(" + recipient + ")."+ex);throw ex;}}// BCC recipientfor (String recipient : recipientBcc) {try {emailMessage.getBccRecipients().add(recipient);} catch (ServiceLocalException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while sstting the BCC recipient(" + recipient + ")."+ex);throw ex;}}// Attachements.for (String attachmentPath : attachments) {try {emailMessage.getAttachments().addFileAttachment(attachmentPath);} catch (ServiceLocalException ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while setting the attachment."+ex);throw ex;}}try {emailMessage.send();System.out.println("An email is send.");} catch (Exception ex) {System.out.println("An exception occured while sending an email."+ex);throw ex;}}
}

3.EmailUtil类

package com.hai.tang.util;import java.io.File;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;import com.hai.tang.model.EmailConfig;
import jakarta.activation.DataHandler;
import jakarta.activation.FileDataSource;
import jakarta.mail.Message;
import jakarta.mail.Address;
import jakarta.mail.Authenticator;
import jakarta.mail.MessagingException;
import jakarta.mail.Multipart;
import jakarta.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import jakarta.mail.Session;
import jakarta.mail.Transport;
import jakarta.mail.internet.AddressException;
import jakarta.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import jakarta.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.ExchangeService;
import microsoft.exchange.webservices.data.core.enumeration.misc.ExchangeVersion;public class EmailUtil {// 邮件发送的路径public final static String MAIL_URL = "";// 附件支持的类型public final static String MAIL_TYPE = "xls,xlsx,pdf,zip,txt,rar,ppt,pptx,doc,docx";// 最大长度10Mpublic static final int MAX_BYTE_NUM = 10 * 1024 * 1024;/*** mailConfigRsp 发件服务器及发件人配置* recipientEmails 收件人邮箱* cc 抄送邮箱* subject  邮件主题* content 邮件内容* attachPath 要发送的附件路径**/public static void sendMail(EmailConfig mailConfigRsp, String[] recipientEmails, String[] cc, String subject, String content, String[] attachPath) {if (null != content) {content = content.replaceAll("\n", "<br/>");}//Exchangeif ("2".equals(mailConfigRsp.getMailPro().toString())) {try {List<String> attachments = attachPath == null ? new ArrayList<>() : Arrays.asList(attachPath);ExchangeService service = new ExchangeService(ExchangeVersion.Exchange2010_SP2);ExchangeClient client = new ExchangeClient.ExchangeClientBuilder().hostname(mailConfigRsp.getSendMailHost()).exchangeVersion(ExchangeVersion.Exchange2010_SP2).username(mailConfigRsp.getServicedMailAddress()).password(mailConfigRsp.getPassword()).recipientTos(Arrays.asList(recipientEmails)).subject(subject).message(content).attachments(attachments).build();//发送邮件client.sendExchange(service);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}} else {try {Message mailMessage = createMessage(createSession(mailConfigRsp), mailConfigRsp.getServicedMailAddress(), mailConfigRsp.getAlias(), recipientEmails, cc, subject, content, attachPath);if (mailMessage.getSize() > MAX_BYTE_NUM) {int max = MAX_BYTE_NUM / 1024 / 1024;System.out.println("内容+附件最大只能 " + max + " M.....");return;}// 发送邮件Transport.send(mailMessage);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}System.out.println("邮件发送成功，内容如下： 发件人" + mailConfigRsp.getServicedMailAddress() + "，接收者" + Arrays.toString(recipientEmails) + ",主题" + subject + ",内容" + content + ",附件" + Arrays.toString(attachPath));}public static Message createMessage(Session session, String account, String alias, String[] notifyTo, String[] cc, String subject,String content, String[] attachFileNames) {if (attachFileNames == null || attachFileNames.length < 1) {return createTextMessage(session, account, alias, notifyTo, cc, subject, content);} else {return createHtmlMessage(session, account, alias, notifyTo, cc, subject, content, attachFileNames);}}public static Session createSession(EmailConfig mailConfigRsp) {Properties properties = new Properties();properties.put("mail.smtp.host", mailConfigRsp.getSendMailHost());properties.put("mail.smtp.port", mailConfigRsp.getSendMailPort());if ("0".equals(mailConfigRsp.getAuth().toString())) {properties.put("mail.user", mailConfigRsp.getServicedMailAddress());properties.put("mail.password", mailConfigRsp.getPassword());properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");} else {properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "false");}if ("1".equals(mailConfigRsp.getSsl().toString())) {MailSSLSocketFactory sslSF = null;try {sslSF = new MailSSLSocketFactory();} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (sslSF != null) {sslSF.setTrustAllHosts(true);}properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sslSF);properties.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtps");if ("0".equals(mailConfigRsp.getAuth().toString())) {properties.put("mail.smtps.auth", "true");} else {properties.put("mail.smtps.auth", "false");}} else {properties.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");}if ("1".equals(mailConfigRsp.getTls().toString())) {properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");} else {properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "false");}Session session;if ("0".equals(mailConfigRsp.getAuth().toString())) {session = Session.getInstance(properties,new mailAuthenricator(mailConfigRsp.getServicedMailAddress(), mailConfigRsp.getPassword()));} else {session = Session.getInstance(properties);}session.setDebug(true);return session;}public static Message createHtmlMessage(Session session, String account, String alias, String[] notifyTo, String[] cc, String subject,String content, String[] attachFileNames) {Message mimeMessage = createNotConnetMessage(session, account, alias, notifyTo, cc, subject);try {// 容器类，可以包含多个MimeBodyPart对象Multipart mp = new MimeMultipart("mixed");// MimeBodyPart可以包装文本，图片，附件MimeBodyPart body = new MimeBodyPart();// HTML正文body.setContent(content, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");mp.addBodyPart(body);// 添加图片&附件attachBodyPart(attachFileNames, mp);// 设置邮件内容mimeMessage.setContent(mp);// 仅仅发送文本// mimeMessage.setText(content);mimeMessage.saveChanges();} catch (MessagingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return mimeMessage;}public static Message createNotConnetMessage(Session session, String account, String alias, String[] notifyTo, String[] cc, String subject) {Message mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);// 发件人try {if (null != alias && alias.length() > 0) {alias = alias.trim();}mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(account, alias));// 收件人mimeMessage.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress(notifyTo));// 抄送人List<String> ccStr = new ArrayList<>();if (null != cc) {for (String copy : cc) {if (null != copy && copy.length() > 0) {ccStr.add(copy);}}String[] copyTo = ccStr.toArray(new String[0]);mimeMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, InternetAddress(copyTo));}// 主题mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);// 时间mimeMessage.setSentDate(new Date());} catch (MessagingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return mimeMessage;}public static void attachBodyPart(String[] attachFileNames, Multipart mp) {int len = 0;if (attachFileNames == null || (len = attachFileNames.length) < 1) {return;}String attachFileName;String path;int byteNum = 0;MimeBodyPart bodyPart;for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {attachFileName = attachFileNames[i];if (null == attachFileName || attachFileName.length() == 0) {continue;}// 判断附件是否是支持的文件类型String[] fileNameArr = attachFileName.split("\\.");if (!MAIL_TYPE.contains(fileNameArr[fileNameArr.length - 1])) {System.out.println("该文件不支持发送 ，文件名 ：   " + attachFileName);continue;}// 设置附件的完整路径path = MAIL_URL + attachFileName;// 该文件的大小File file = new File(path);if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {System.out.println("该文件不存在,附件中不发送：   attachFileName =" + attachFileName);continue;}byteNum += file.length();// 每个文件大小开始计算FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(path);// 得到数据源bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();try {bodyPart.setContent("", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");bodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));bodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fds.getName())); // 得到文件名并编码（防止中文文件名乱码）同样放入BodyPartmp.addBodyPart(bodyPart);} catch (MessagingException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}static class mailAuthenricator extends Authenticator {String userName = null;String passWord = null;public mailAuthenricator(String userName, String passWord) {super();this.userName = userName;this.passWord = passWord;}@Overrideprotected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, passWord);}}public static Message createTextMessage(Session session, String account, String alias, String[] notifyTo, String[] cc, String subject,String content) {Message mimeMessage = createNotConnetMessage(session, account, alias, notifyTo, cc, subject);try {Multipart mp = new MimeMultipart();MimeBodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();bodyPart.setContent(content, "text/html; charset=UTF-8");mp.addBodyPart(bodyPart);mimeMessage.setContent(mp);} catch (MessagingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return mimeMessage;}public static Address[] InternetAddress(String[] notifyTos) {int length = 0;if (notifyTos == null || (length = notifyTos.length) < 1) {return null;}Address[] address = new Address[length];for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {try {address[i] = new InternetAddress(notifyTos[i]);} catch (AddressException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return address;}
}

三、测试

        //邮箱服务器地址和发送方配置EmailConfig emailConfig = new EmailConfig();emailConfig.setMailPro(0);emailConfig.setAuth(0);emailConfig.setTls(0);emailConfig.setSsl(0);emailConfig.setAlias("张三");emailConfig.setSendMailHost("smtp.qq.com");emailConfig.setSendMailPort("25");emailConfig.setServicedMailAddress("11111111@qq.com");emailConfig.setPassword("ppgfjgdfgfhg5465");//收件方（多个收件方分号分割）String recipientEmailsStr = "111@163.com;222@163.com";String[] recipientEmails = recipientEmailsStr.split(";");//要抄送的邮箱（多个抄送方分号分割）String ccEmailsStr = "333@163.com;444@163.com";String[] ccEmails = ccEmailsStr.split(";");//邮件主题String subject = "邮件主题";//邮件内容String content = "第一行件内容\n第二行件内容\n";//要发送的附件文件路径String[] attachPath = new String[] {"/root/local/file/a.txt", "/root/local/file/b.zip"};//发送邮件EmailUtil.sendMail(emailConfig, recipientEmails, ccEmails,subject, content, attachPath);

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